The Falklands war was a fascinating one in the sense that there was a 40 year span of technology. You had aircraft carriers and cruisers ( the British HMS Hermes and the Argentine General Belgrano) that fought in World War 2 as well as state-of-the-art nuclear attack submarines and jet fighters using guided missiles.
What truly won that war for the British was their nuclear-powered attack submarines. The Argentinian navy had no means of protecting themselves from these subs, so their ships (including their aircraft carrier) were forced to retreat back to their ports. This forced the Argentinian attack aircraft to operate from land bases that were 400+ miles away from the Falklands, at the extreme limits of their combat range. This largely negated their huge numerical superiority in aircraft. Another little-known fact is that, en route to the Falklands, the British fleet was met at sea by an American ship bearing gifts for our British cousins; the newest versions of our Sidewinder heat-seeking air-to-air missile and the Stinger anti-aircraft missile. This gave the outnumbered British pilots in their Harriers a huge advantage over the Argentinians in their A-4 Skyhawks and IAI Daggers that were only armed with guns.